QTP - Automation framework

Automation framework is a process to develop the automation scripts and reduce maintenance. This framework completely depends on the application, types of testing and tools that you are using. Its hard to provide generalized framework for all applications:
In general,
1) Create reusable scripts
2) Create modular scripts and drive scripts from external data.
How to parameterize checkpoint ?
Insert the checkpoint and right click on the checkpoint statemnt and then select checkpoint properties option,checkpoint properties dialog box will be opened.

Select the property which u want to parameterize and check the parameter radiobutton.Click on parameter options button and select relevant options and enter the parameter name and click on ok. Finally click on ok button.
RE: What is the difference between Call to Action and Copy Action.? <
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when u insert a call to action, they r read only in the calling test. It can be modified in the original test.where as come to copy action, you can make changes to the copied action, your changes will not effect the original action where it created.
Discuss QTP Environment.
It contains the following key elements:

Title bar, displaying the name of the currently open test

Menu bar, displaying menus of QuickTest commands

File toolbar, containing buttons to assist you in managing tests

Test toolbar, containing buttons used while creating and maintaining tests

Debug toolbar, containing buttons used while debugging tests.
Note: The Debug toolbar is not displayed when you open QuickTest for the first time.

You can display the Debug toolbar by choosing View > Toolbars > Debug. Note that this tutorial does not describe how to debug a test. For additional information, refer to the QuickTest Professional User's Guide.

Action toolbar, containing buttons and a list of actions, enabling you to view the details of an individual action or the entire test flow.


Note: The Action toolbar is not displayed when you open QuickTest for the first time. You can display the Action toolbar by choosing View > Toolbars > Action. If you insert a reusable or external action in a test, the Action toolbar is displayed automatically. For additional information, refer to the QuickTest Professional User's Guide.


Test pane, containing two tabs to view your test-the Tree View and the Expert View

Test Details pane, containing the Active Screen

Data Table, containing two tabs, Global and Action, to assist you in parameterizing your test

Debug Viewer pane, containing three tabs to assist you in debugging your test-Watch Expressions, Variables, and Command. (The Debug Viewer pane can be opened only when a test run pauses at a breakpoint.)

Status bar, displaying the status of the test
What are the repositories in QTP
In Qtp there are 2 object repositories, they are1.Shared Object Repository2.Per Action Mode,by default it's per action mode.we will use shared OR for calling a particular action,it's like calling external libraries.we will use per action for a particular action ie, for one action only.
have you ever written a compiled module? If yes tell me about some of the f unction
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I Used the functions for Capturing the dynamic data during runtime. Function used for Capturing Desktop, browser and pages.

What is the difference between check point and output value.
Check point is a verification point that compares a current value for a specified property with the expected value for that property.

An outPut value is a value captured during the test run and entered in the run-time
How the exception handling can be done using QTP
It can be done Using the Recovery Scenario Manager which provides a wizard that gudies you through the process of defining a recovery scenario.
FYI.. The wizard could be accesed in QTP> Tools-> Recovery Scenario Manager .......
Recovery scenario manager provides a wizard that guides you through the defining recovery scenario. Recovery scenario has three steps
1. Triggered Events
2. Recovery steps
3. Post Recovery Test-Run
How many types of Actions are there in QTP?
Types of Action:

1. reusable
2.non-reusable
3.nested
4.split
There are three kinds of actions:

non-reusable action—an action that can be called only in the test with which it is stored, and can be called only once.
reusable action—an action that can be called multiple times by the test with which it is stored (the local test) as well as by other tests.
external action—a reusable action stored with another test. External actions are read-only in the calling test, but you can choose to use a local, editable copy of the Data Table information for the external action
QTP structured by actions.actions are subprocedures which perform certain actions on application under test.
there are 2 types of actions
regular actions(non reusable actions)
reusable actions
regular actions:regular actions are used only in the script in which they were genarated.and only once.regular actions are like winrunner script.
reusable actions:actions that can be called by other actions.either(regular or reusable).
we have two types of reusable actions
external reusable actions
internal reusable actions
external reusable actions:these actions were created in another test as internal actions .and called by the given test.
internal reusable actions:these actions were created and used in the given test with in the local scope.
How do you data drive an external spreadsheet?
Import from External Spreadsheet File by selecting Import then From File . Which imports a tabbed text file or a single sheet from an existing Microsoft Excel file into the table. The sheet you import replaces all data in the currently selected sheet of the table, and the first row in the Excel sheet replaces the column headers in the corresponding Data Table sheet. It is therefore essential that the first row of your Microsoft Excel sheet exactly matches the parameter names in your test.
If it is a Database instead of Spreadsheet by selecting Import then From Database. It imports data from the specified database to the current sheet
I want to open a Notepad window without recording a test and I do not want to use SystemUtil.Run command as well How do I do this?
1.insert->step->step generator->select a function invokeapplication,mention the path to notepad.exe file.
Run.
2.otherwise in Expert view write a builtin funtion
invokeapplication"c:/whatever the path"
Run

Choosing the Recording Mode
QuickTest's normal recording mode records the objects in your application and the operations performed on them. This mode is the default and takes full advantage of QuickTest's test object model, recognizing the objects in your application regardless of their location on the screen.
When working with specific types of objects or operations, however, you may want to choose from the following, alternative recording modes:
Analog Recording—enables you to record the exact mouse and keyboard operations you perform in relation to either the screen or the application window. In this recording mode, QuickTest records and tracks every movement of the mouse as you drag the mouse around a screen or window.
This mode is useful for recording operations that cannot be recorded at the level of an object, for example, recording a signature produced by dragging the mouse.

Note: You cannot edit analog recording steps from within QuickTest.
Low-Level Recording—enables you to record on any object in your application, whether or not QuickTest recognizes the specific object or the specific operation. This mode records at the object level and records all run-time objects as Window or WinObject test objects. Use low-level recording for recording in an environment or on an object not recognized by QuickTest. You can also use low-level recording if the exact coordinates of the object are important for your test or component.
Note: Steps recorded using low-level mode may not run correctly on all objects.
How can we do the Frame work in QTP
Frame Work:1.Smoke Testing - Environmental checkup of the application.2.Driver - Business functionality3.Application Business Functionality Execution 4.Verification checker5.Reporter generation6.Terminator
RE: how to fetch test data from Database by using QTP?...
1)right click ont he database table.
sheet->import->database
create the connection
write the sql
2)In order to fetch test data from Database we have to create a adobdb connection object to connect with data base. the syntax is .... >CreateObject("Adodb.connection").
How to add run-time parameter to a datasheet?
1. enter the data in data sheet(global/action).
2.right click on actionbutton it showing all possible codition.
3. choose run all Iteration row by row. in Qtp8.2
just choose optiones and run
When do we use regular expression EXAMPLE
When it is dynamic we use regular exp…..
for the date format "dd/mm/yyyy" the equivalent regular expression would be
Set regExp_Term = New RegExp
regExp_Term.pattern = "11/11/1981"
validation=regExp_Term.test("date to be validated")
if validation="True" Then
-----------------
End If
We can use Regular Expression where ever required, like in my Web Testing, my browser name changes oftnely, so I used Regular expression in Name property like...
Set Browser= (Title:=Browser.*)

Wht kind of functions u use in VB
You can use The following functions
Asc Function====
CBool Function===
CByte Function===
CCur Function===
CDate Function===
CDbl Function===
Chr Function===
CInt Function===
CLng Function
CSng Function
CStr Function
Hex Function
Oct Function===etc



what is meant by SOURCE CONTROL ?
It is used to hold all the bulids of diff versions
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN QTP 5.6 AND 8.0
These are the new features which are available in QTP8.2 and which are not present in 6.5 version.

Keyword View: Lets you easily build and maintain tests without writing
VBScripts.

Auto-Documentation: Provides improved test clarity and the ability to
view test steps in plain English.

Step Generator: Allows you to quickly insert custom-built functions
into your tests.
Mercury Business Process Testing: Enhanced integration with BPT --
Business Components, Scripted Components, and Application Areas.

Enhanced Expert View: Provides greater efficiency when generalizing
test components.
Action Parameters: Allows you to generalize testing actions for greater
reusability.

Data Parameters: You can now specify test or action parameters to pass
values into and from your test, and between actions in your test.

Open XML Report Format for Test Results: Test results are now stored in
an open XML format, enabling you to easily customize the reports
according to your own requirements, and to integrate the test result
information with other applications.

Unicode Support: Lets you test global deployments of your enterprise
applications.

Function Definition Generator: You can use the new Function Definition
Generator to generate definitions for user-defined functions, add
header information to them, and register functions to a test object.
How you write scripts in QTP? What's the main process in QTP? How do you run scripts in QTP?
Main process in QTP is Recording, stores the properties in object repository then Running the script and then Test Results.
Recording: QTP 'looks' at the object on which we are recording and stores it as a test object, determining in which test object class it fits like standard window dialog box or web button etc. Then for each test object class, QTP has list of mandatory properties that it always learns. When we record an object, QTP learns these default property values, and then 'looks' at the rest of the objects in the page , to distinguish and identify the object uniquely.If not it adds assistive properties , one ny one, to the description, until it has compiled a unique description.If no assistive properties are not available , it adds a special 'ordinal identifier' such as objects location on the screen.
Running the scripts: While running the script, QTP searches for a run time object that exactly matches the description of the test object it learned while recording. If it is not matching, QTP uses ' smart identification' mechanism to identify the object.
We can run the scripts from Test>Run
After running the script we can see the Test Results also .
How to make QTP to recognise the activeX controls
QuickTest records and runs steps on ActiveX controls as it does on any other object.
Using the Insert>Step Option , we can activate ActiveX control methods, retrieve and set the values of properties and check the object exists.
It is recommended that to begin recording session before opening the application containing the ActiveX controls on which you want to record